1850

Establishment of Women’s (originally Female) Medical College of Pennsylvania, whose graduates were only recognized by the state medical society in 1871 (M-S, 49, 76-8; Peitzman, 9-13).  Royal Medico-Chirurgical Society of London debates and totally denounces ovariotomy via Robert Lee’s paper analyzing 162 operations for ovarian tumors in Great Britain (Shepherd[2], 50-51); Shepherd, 37).  John Snow administers chloroform to Queen Victoria during labor with her eighth child (Hempel, 103-104). Semmelweis, denied reappointment as assistant in obstetrics at Allgemeine Krankenhaus in 1849 and denied access to cadavers for teaching as a Docent in midwifery, flees Vienna to Buda-Pest (Nuland, 125ff.).