1853

Alexander Wood (Edinburgh) invents hollow needle for subcutaneous injection; Charles Gabriel Pravaz invented hypodermic syringe, with which to administer Sertürner’s morphine (Fulop-Miller, 353-55; Caton, 75). Simpson, in presidential lecture to Edinburgh Medico Chirurgical Society, pronounces silken thread surgery’s greatest advance of the past 50 years (Simpson, 208).  Karl Vierordt introduces the sphygmograph (Evans, 787).