1854

On 4 November, Florence Nightingale arrives at Barrack Hospital in Scutari, which housed over 2,300 men, comparing her reformist efforts to the work of Christ (Downs, 92).  Her nursing work with wounded soldiers  “overshadow[s] her work in public health and epidemiology . . . she was an epidemiologist, based on her efforts in disease prevention, sanitation, theories of disease transmission, and the development of civil engineering practices, particularly her efforts to develop blueprints for hospitals. . . While doctors like Gavin Milroy and James McWilliam emerged as leading epidemiologists in the first part of the nineteenth century, Nightingale became a key theorist in the study of disease in the second half of the century” (93).