1858

Spencer Wells (London) performs his first ovariotomy (using his  exteriorization method to cut down risk of peritoneal infection), leading to a revival of the operation (Shepherd, 37; McGregor, 160). Reported on first five cases to RMCS in 1858 and argued that the pedicle should be exteriorized; by end of 1862, he had reported 50 cases with 33 recoveries and had overcome the critics (Shepherd[2], 37, 55-59).  Johann Czermak (Budapest) develops first practical laryngoscope (Stevenson [2], 32-33).