1868

In November, opening of Elizabeth and Emily Blackwell’s Woman’s Medical College of the New York Infirmary, with unprecedented three years of study and course of lectures that progressed (instead of repeating) year by year. Eight months later, Elizabeth returned to England for good, where her career flattened, as Elizabeth Garrett and Sophia Jex-Blake made it clear they would not have her as mentor. Unlike them, she sought women physicians “formed in her own image, devoted to health education rather than clinical practice, and inspired by right living rather than scientific advancement” (Nimura, 243ff., quoted at 251).