1880

“Bitter controversy” over germ theory “was at its height” (Martin, 87). “In 1880, at least ninety percent of operative wounds became infected; and practically seventy-five percent of abdominal operations performed by the average surgeon proved fatal” (90). Koch moves to Berlin to head new lab for bacteriological research of the Imperial Health Office (Kaiserliche Gesundheitsamt) (Brock, 84-93).