1893

Group of nurses, meeting at nursing section of International Congress of Charities, Correction & Philanthropy held in Chicago as part of Columbian Exposition, organized by Isabel Hampton and Lavinia Dock of Hopkins, forms American Society of Superintendents of Training Schools in the U.S. & Canada. This was followed in 1896 by establishment of Nurses’ Associated Alumnae of the U.S. & Canada at a small meeting of the superintendents and representatives of training-school alumnae in NY and then, in 1898, by establishing year-long course in “hospital economics” for graduate nurses – the first formal training program for nursing superintendents (James, 228-235). Also in 1893, Lillian Wald & Mary Brewster found settlement house in NYC lower east side, which moved to Henry Street in 1895 (Estabrooks, 283).