1915

Publication of Wm. Healy’s The Individual Delinquent, according to which the causes of delinquency were complex and multifaceted and could only be understood at the individual level; his environmentalism was “shallow” compared to Abbott & Breckinridge’s The Delinquent Child and the Home (1912) (K. Jones, 44-50). Healy “psychologized the problem of juvenile delinquency” (49).