1939-1940

John Crandon’s self-experiments demonstrate the relationship between vitamin C and surgical wound healing (Altman, 250-55). (Depletion of vitamin C leads to scurvy, which loosens the walls around capillaries causing bleeding of gums, skin around hair follicles, and in bones.) Cf. Rackemann, 181. Karl Astel, Nazi director of antitobacco institute at, and president of, University of Jena, tours local hospitals to encourage physicians to kill their psychiatric patients (Proctor, 209, 241).