1961

First published report of success with haloperidol in inhibiting dopamine transmission in part of brain that regulates movements associated with tics, viz, the substantia nigra to basal ganglia circuit [133]), thereby useful in treating tics (Kushner, 134). By 1968, a consensus among North American psychiatrists and neurologists emerged regarding effectiveness of haloperidol in management of motor tics and coprolalia: “The most influential voices, however, continued to accept a modified version of Mahler’s belief that even if tics had an organic substrate, their underlying enabling factors were psychodynamic” (141).