1974

David Clyde begins self-experiments that show that malaria parasites from infected, irradiated mosquitoes provided a short-term vaccine (3-6 months) for malaria (Altman, 159-163). Production of Salvarsan ended (Bäumler, 235). Spitzer & Fliess publish “A re-analysis of the reliability of psychiatric diagnosis” in Brit. J. Psychiatry, which, in belittling the reliability of past psychiatric diagnoses, pointed to the innovations of the Washington University and Columbia groups (viz, structured interview schedules and explicit diagnostic criteria) as pointing to a solution to problems of validity and reliability, and thereby “carefully and dramatically sets the stage for DSM-III” (Kirk & Kutchins, 56-63; quote at 58; Valenstein, 157).